ISAE 3402 is an international standard provides guidance on the preparation of assurance reports for controls environments at service organisations. ISAE3402 reports are often used by technology companies, such as cloud and SaaS providers, as well as other business process outsourcing firms, to demonstrate to their customers that they have well-managed operations. The more widely recognised acronym for this type of report is ‘SOC’, originally standing for ‘Service Organisation Controls or, more recently, System and Organisational Controls. ...

Further reading Tool Suite - ISF Information Security Forum launches Aligned Tools Suite 2020 to help ensure compliance standards - Security Magazine

Context For professionals moving into governance roles within the financial sector or large multinationals, familiarity with proprietary frameworks is often as important as knowledge of international standards. While ISO 27005 establishes the principles of risk management, the Information Security Forum’s IRAM2 is frequently the specific implementation found in major institutions. You may not need to become a certified IRAM2 practitioner, but you should understand the structure if you intend to work in large-scale enterprise environments. ...

Related pages Shariah compliance Prohibition of riba - interest Profit and loss sharing Asset-backed financing Gharar - uncertainty Maisir - gambling Murabahah - Cost-plus financing for purchasing goods. Ijara - leasing contracts for assets Istisna - for construction or manufacturing contracts Sukuk - Islamic bonds backed by assets Zakat Halal investments Takaful - islamic insurance

In 1865, English economist William Stanley Jevons noticed this pattern during the Industrial Revolution. James Watt invented a much more efficient steam engine that burned less coal per unit of work. Instead of saving coal, the cheap power source caused factories, ships, and trains to multiply rapidly. Total coal consumption surged. The Jevons Paradox is an economic concept stating that as technological improvements increase the efficiency of a resource, total consumption of that resource often increases rather than decreases. ...